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Eras / Periods
Early Christianity - 30-313 AD
Late Antiquity - 313-600 AD
Middle Ages - 600-1500 AD
Renaissance and Reformation - 1300-1650 AD
Modern Period - 1650-Present
General Timeline
~30-32 AD - Pentecost (Church is Born)
44 - Roman Conquest of Britain, first Christians arrive soon after
49-50 - Jerusalem Council (Acts 15)
64 AD - Fire in Rome, Nero persecutes Christians
64-67 - Martyrdom of Peter & Paul
70 - Destruction of Jerusalem
132-135 - Bar Kokhba Revolt
155 - Martyrdom of Polycarp
165 - Martyrdom of Justin Martyr
196 - Pope Victor excommunicates Eastern Christians for celebrating Easter during Passover
292 - Diocletian divides Roman Empire in two
311 - Edict of Toleration (Emperor Galerius, ended persecution in the Eastern Empire)
313 - Edict of Milan - Joint decree by Emperors Constantine and Licinius granting Christians religious freedom throughout the Empire
~313-325 - Eusebius’ history of Christianity, oldest surviving account
325 - Council of Nicea
362 - Synod of Alexandria - Latin and Greek Churches accept Nicene Creed
367 - Athanasius’ Easter letter names all 27 Books of NT as authoritative
380 - Nicene Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire
381 - First Council of Constantinople
~405 - Latin Vulgate
431 - Council of Ephesus
432 - Saint Patrick arrives in Ireland
451 - Council of Chalcedon
452 - Attila the Hun attacks Italy, Leo convinces him to retreat
455 - Vandals besiege Rome
476 - Fall of Western Roman Empire / Odovacer deposes last Western Emperor
553 - Second Council of Constantinople
597 - Gregory sends monks to England, including Augustine of Canterbury
610 - Islam founded
680-681 - Third Council of Constantinople
754 - Council of Hiera condemns icons, but not recognized as full ecumenical council in East or Latin Churches
787 - Second Council of Nicea - allows veneration of icons but not worship
787 - Second Council of Nicaea
800 - Charlemagne crowned Emperor by Leo III (Carolingian Empire)
1049 - Leo IX begins advocating for and enforcing clerical celibacy
1054 - East / West Schism
1080 - William the Conqueror reminds the Pope that the King of England owes him no allegiance
1204 - Roman Crusaders sack Constantinople
1212 Children's Crusade
1215 - Fourth Lateran Council - Transubstantiation defined
1220 - Salisbury Cathedral begun, the Order of Service here becomes the model for Archbishop Cranmer’s Book of Common Prayer
1231 - Inquisition established
1274 - Second Council of Lyon
1302 - Unam Sanctam - Boniface VIII
Outside the Roman Catholic Church there is no Salvation / the Church wields spiritual and temporal power.
1311-1312 - Council of Vienne, disbanded Knights Templar
1346-1353 - The Black Plague
1378-1417 - The Great Papal Schism
1381 - John Wycliffe, Oxford Theologian, publishes Confessions which denies Transubstantiation
1382 - Wycliffe completes English translation of the Latin Vulgate
1414-1418 - Council of Constance - Church Councils are superior to the Pope, also condemned Hus and Wycliffe, replaced two active popes with a third
1438-1445 - Council of Florence - 7 Sacraments, Pope superior to Church Councils (contradicts Constance)
1440-1450 - Gutenberg printing press
1453 - Ottoman Turks conquer Constantinople
1479 - Spanish Inquisition formed
1500 - Russia claims Moscow is the center for Orthodoxy
1512-1517 - Fifth Lateran Council
1517 - Martin Luther posts 95 Theses, Protestant Reformation begins in earnest
1525 - Henry VIII seeks annulment
1529 - Henry begins the process of getting annulment apart from the Catholic Church
1530 - Augsburg Confession (Lutheran)
1532 - Thomas Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
1534 - Henry declares himself Supreme Head of Anglican Church via Supremacy Act
1540 - Society of Jesus approved (Jesuit Order)
1544 - Cranmer asked to create Prayer Book
1545-1563 - Council of Trent - elevated tradition, faith and works, Mass said in Latin
1547 - Henry dies, Edward VI takes the throne as a child, largely Protestant Council of Regency formed
1549 - First Book of Common Prayer released on Pentecost
1553 - Edward VI dies, Mary Tutor, daughter of Catholic Catherine of Aragon, takes over
1555 - Bloody Mary executes Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley
1556-1558 - John Knox is in Geneva
1558 - Protestant Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England
1560 - Scottish Parliament adopts Scots Confession
1561 - Belgic Confession
1563 - 39 Articles Drafted
1571 - 39 Articles Ratified
1572 - St Bartholomew's Day Massacre
1597 - Francis Drake, first Anglican Service in North America
1609 - First Baptist Congregation in Holland
1611-1612 - First Baptist Church in England
1611 - King James Bible released
1618-1619 - Synod of Dort (codified five points of Calvinism)
1618-1648 -Thirty Year's War - religious war Catholics tried to impose upon Protestants and Protestantism expanded beyond designated areas, one of the bloodiest conflicts in European just
1620 - Pilgrims arrive in Plymouth, Massachusetts
1638 - Roger Williams established Baptist Church in Providence, RI
1642 - Baptism by immersion restored by Richard Blunt
1644 - First London Confession of Faith (Baptist)
1646 - Westminster Confession of Faith (Reformed)
1658 - Savoy Confession (Congregationalist)
1689 - First General Assembly of Baptist Churches in London, over 100 churches present
1689 - Second London Confession
1690 - Scottish Parliament ratifies Westminster Confessions
1690: The Church of Scotland formally established as a Presbyterian church
1707 - Philadelphia Baptist Association
1721 - Czar Peter takes over Russian Orthodox Church
1727 - Log College established as Presbyterian Seminary in United States
1733 - First Great Awakening begins
1746 - College of New Jersey (later Princeton) established by Presbyterians
1773 - Jesuit Order suppressed
1784 - Methodist Conference forms in Anglican Church
1787 - Charleston Baptist Association
1790 - Second Great Awakening
1814 - Jesuit Order restored
1816 - American Bible Society started
1830-31 - Charles Finney Rochester Revival
1845 - Southern Baptist Convention forms in Augusta, GA, disagreed with the Northern Baptists over slavery and other issues
1854 - Pius IX declared the dogma of the immaculate conception
1869-1870 - First Vatican Council best known for affirming Papal infallibility
1895 - Five Fundamentals declared by Evangelical Alliance
1906 - Azusa Street Revival - tongues, Pentecostal movement
1923 - John Gresham Machen publishes Christianity and Liberalism
1929 - Machen founds Westminster Theological Seminary
1934 - Wycliffe Bible Translators organized
1938 - World Council of Churches formed
1941 - Evangelicals gather at Moody and begin to form what would become the National Association of Evangelicals
1947 - Dead Sea Scrolls discovered
1950 - Prius XII defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary, speaking ex cathedra
1962-1965 - Second Vatican Council
1966 - Reformed Theological Seminary founded in Jackson, MS by Southern Presbyterian Church
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